ANOMALOUS SECONDARY GROWTH

                        NYCTANTHUS

• It belongs to the family Nyctanthaceae.
• Epidermis is single layered and it is cuticularized by a thick cuticle.
• Many multi-cellular hairs are present.
• Epidermis is followed by the cortex which is few layered & it is differentiated into collenchyma and  parenchyma cells.
• Parenchyma is found below the collenchyma.
• Below that, cortical bundles (vascular bundles) are present, which are 4 in number respectively.
• They are con-joint,collateral,open and exarch.
• Below the cortical bundles, cambium is found as single-layered.
• Here the phloem found outwards, xylem towards inwards & in between cambium is present.
• Endodermis is single layered and not so developed well.
• Pericycle is found in the form of sclerenchymatous patches.
• Primary phloem is crushed & irregularly present in patches below pericycle.

ANOMALOUS SECONDARY GROWTH:
ABNORMALITIES:

       Here, the presence of vascular bundles in the cortex region is the anomalous growth, which are found inversely oriented , and they are never connected to the main ring of the vascular cylinder.